Dayang Fredalina Basri, Ammar Syatbi Mohd Shabry and Chan Kok Meng
Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer occurs in Malaysia after breast cancer. Bioactive compounds that reside in Canarium odontophyllum leaves could probably have the potential to being develop as an alternative cytotoxic agent against colorectal cancer. The objective of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of acetone, methanol and water extracts from the leaves of C. odontophyllum against human HCT 116 colorectal carcinoma cells using MTT assay. Result showed that the percentage yield of the extraction from C. odontophyllum leaves was the highest when distilled water was used as an extraction solvent followed by methanol extract and acetone extract. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid, tannin and terpenoid in the three extracts. All the extracts demonstrated cytotoxic effect after 24-hr treatment with acetone extract at IC50 value of 0.08 ± 0.003 mg/mL against HCT 116 cells compared to methanol and aqueous extracts with IC50 values of 0.10 ± 0.011 mg/mL and 0.40 ± 0.162 mg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, this preliminary study of the C. odontophyllum leaves extract against HCT116 cells provides an insight of its promising anticancer property.